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(An) analysis of hydropower development in the Mekong river basin through hydro-hegemony theory
최승지 Graduate School International Studies, Korea Unive 2014 국내석사
This thesis aims to analyze the interactions between China and the four lower basin countries—Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam—in the Mekong River Basin with a special reference to hydropower development and the role of China in shaping the regional development agenda. Through application of the hydro-hegemony approach as a theoretical framework, the thesis addresses the three following questions: i) is China a hydro-hegemon? ii) how do the downstream countries respond to the Chinese hegemonic order? iii) are their interactions leading towards conflict or cooperation? China, the basin hegemon, has unilaterally pushed forward its hydropower plans since the late 1980s. Since then criticism over its possible negative impacts downstream has continued. While the costs and the benefits of the Chinese dams will likely be shared unevenly by the downstream countries, there are mixed feelings about them in the lower basin. In the meantime, China has started to get involved in a number of dam projects in the downstream countries, and owing to the influx of investment from China, the downstream countries have progressed on their hydropower plans. Consequently, economic and political ties between China and the downstream countries have been strengthened and the discussion on the downside of hydropower development has taken a back seat to regional economic development. Enhanced political and economic cooperation between China and the downstream countries can facilitate negotiations to create a transboundary regime to uphold sustainable and rational use of the transboundary river, but whether China has any incentive to do so remains in question.