복개하천의 가스분석 및 가연성가스의 폭발방지 대책에 관한 연구

이동신 서울시립대학교 1998 국내석사

C. M. Weber의 Grand Duo Concertant op. 48에 관한 분석 연구

이동신 안동대학교 대학원 2007 국내석사

通貨增發과 物價上昇의 要因別分析 : 60年代 以後의 韓國經濟를 中心으로

이동신 全南大學校 大學院 1978 국내석사

The following is the conclusion of this study. 1. The money supply in Korea has showed the sharp inocease as compared with those of the developed countries, recording the rate of 28.3% increase on the average from 1962 to 1976. (table 2-1, 2-2) 2. The initiative factors of money supply are as followsl: (1) foreign sector has operated principally from 1962 to 1966; (2) Private sector has played an important role in money supply from 1967 to 1976 (table 2-12) 3. The wholesale price at the end of 1977 has risen four times as much as the case of 1966. Then it is explained that "foods" has taken the lead in the price rising more than 'all commodities excl.foods' J 'producer goods' more than 'capital goods' and 'consumer goods'. Also 'petroleum & related products' and 'agricultural & marine foods" have pla'f'ed an important role in the rise of the wholesale price in industrial classification from 1972 to 1977. 4. In case of all cities consumer price, it wasufood and beverage' that has taken the lead in the rise in prices. (table 3-5) 5. Infla'tion has occurred in Korea through the demand-pull from 1969 to 1971 and from 1976 to 1977, and it has been accelerated by such cost~push as the interaational resources shake-up (oil shock)and wage_push from 1972 to 1975 6. The import of "immediate goods" has caused the price of the domestic goods to rise up 7. Based on the above conclusion, price policies as follows shall be proposed with a view to stabilize like. (1) A-Iong-range plan in the supply of producer goods should be established in order to overcome the brittleness of the shortcoming of resources (2) The distrilution system should be reformed so that resources can be effectively utilized. (3) In agriculture the system of commodities production should be established through the development and diffusion of the agricultual technigue. (4) The authoritieS concerned should enforce the accumulation pro~ct and support the funds of the circulation business to prevent the shift in price derived from the irrationality of the circulation structure. (5) It is necessary that the law of circulation clarification should be constituted in order to secure the interest of producers and consumers. (6) The cause of the demand-pull should be eradicated through such methods the regulation of excess liquidity, the cut in the governmental expenditure and the promotion of savings. (7) All economic prolems should be resolvec' through parametric function of price. Therefore the mark-up by monopoly' should be preve nted. (8) The suspicion about the economic policies evolves temporary demand-pull, imaginary demand, speculative business, and good-preference, Hence the policies should be consistent and reliable, and citizens should follow the policies positively. (9) It is necessary to provide the accurate data of statistics so as to corent etly diagnose the cause of the shitf in price.

地域成長要因에 관한 實證的 硏究 : 韓國의 都市成長要因을 中心으로

이동신 全南大學校 1988 국내박사

國家經濟의 發展過程에서 地域은 多樣한 變化를 經驗하는 바, 그 變化의 樣相은 地域이 지니고 있는 地理的, 經濟的, 社會的 與件 등에 따라 各各 差異가 있게 된다. 地域變化에 수반된 地域問題는 1960年代 以後 美國과 西유럽에서 새로운 重大한 問題로 登場되었으며 韓國의 경우 1970年代초 일부지역에서 地域問題에 대한 硏究와 關心을 보였다. 地域問題의 하나로 우리는 地域成長問題를 생각할 수 있다. 地域成長을 量的인 增大, 또는 擴張으로 볼 때, 地域의 空間的 擴大는 區域의 平面的 擴張과 高層建物의 增大와 같은 垂直的 擴張을 意味하며, 아울러 規模의 增大로서 絶對人口, 財政規模, 地域總生産(G.R.P.)등 諸社會·經濟量의 變化를 말하기도 한다. 地域成長의 要因으로 헤일브런(J. Heilbrun)은 i)交通與件改善效果(automobile effect), ii) 人口增加效果(overflew effect), 그리고 iii) 所得增大效果(income effect)로서 특히 都市區域의 擴張에 관하여 說明하고 있다. 또한 구달(B. Goodall)은 交通의 改善, 情報·通信 機能의 發達 그리고 都市再開發 등으로 말미암아 都市空間의 水平的·氷直的 擴大를 가져 온다는 內部的 再組織化(internal reorganization), 그리고 經濟的, 非經濟的 要因의 複合作用에 의한 都市化 過程으로서의 都市成長을 言及하고 있다. 都市의 成長은 複雜한 先進社會에 있어서 人間社會의 人間生活을 形成하는 經濟的, 社會的, 文化的 諸要因의 複合的 作用의 結果로 理解되어져야 하나, 「地域間 人口移動은 주로 人口의 地域間 分布와 經濟的 機會(economic opportunity)의 地域間 分布間의 갭(gap)이 생긴 경우, 經濟的 機會의 地域間 分布와 均衡化되는 方向으로 이루어진다」는 쿠즈네츠(Kutznets)의 指摘처럼, 都市成長에 있어서 經濟的 要因이 보다 重要하게 取扱된다. 事實上, 1960年 韓國의 都市化率 39.1%에서 1985年 74.3%에로의 上昇은 그 동안의 經濟發展과 無關하지 않다고 본다. 특별히 1970∼1985年 동안 韓國의 都市化率(%)과 經濟成長(G.N.P. 成長率) 및 工業化(非農林漁業 就業者 比率)와의 相關關係가 各各 0.9722, 0.9777로 計算된 것을 보면, 經濟發展은 곧 都市成長을 가속화 시켰다고 말할 수가 있다. 經濟的 要因에 의해서 主導된 都市成長은 한편 住民所得의 增加와 관련이 있다. 都市 및 地域의 所得增大는 一次的으로 人口移動의 魅力이 된다. 그리고 都市는 후버(E. M. Hoover)와 아이사드(W. Isard)가 말하는 i) 規模經濟(economies of scale), ii) 地域特化經濟(localization economies), iii) 都市化經濟(urbanization economies)에 의한 集積 經濟의 影響으로 많은 사람들로부터 立地 選好의 對象地域이 된다. 이상과 같은 地域成長의 諸般問題에 대한 硏究는 오늘날 多數의 學者들에 의하여 이루어지고 있으며, 韓國에 있어서도 單一하게 또는 部分的으로 어떤 地域에 한정하여, 地域成長의 實證硏究를 하고 있음이 發見된다. 本 硏究에서는 보다 廣範圍한 地域을 對象으로 하고 보다 複合的인 成長要因을 고려하여 地域成長要因에 대한 實證分析을 한 結果, 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 첫째로 巨大規模都市(서울, 釜山, 仁川, 大邱)들에 있어서 地域成長過程은 諸要因의 複合作用에 의하여 크게 影響을 받은 것으로 分析되었다. 이 중 經濟的 要因이 가장 중요한 것이었으며, 그 다음으로는 敎育的 要因의 作用을 들 수 있었다. 둘째로 大規模都市(大田, 光州, 蔚山)의 경우에 地域成長의 共通的 要因은 敎育面으로 나타났다. 그런데 大田市에 있어서는 i) 經濟的 要因, ii) 社會的 要因, iii) 行政 및 政策的 要因, iv) 社會間接資本要因 등의 複合的 作用이 都市成長에 두루 影響을 끼친 것으로指摘될 수 있으며, 蔚山市는 工業都市로서 무엇보다도 經濟的 要因이 강하게 作用하였다. 이에 비하여 光州市는 經濟的 要因의 作用이 全無한 狀態이며, 다만 敎育, 醫療, 行政 등 소위 서어비스 機能이 地域成長에 있어서 의미있는 影響變數로 작용하였다. 세째로 中規模都市인 水原市와 議政府市는 首都圈都市로서 서울의 影響을 많이 받고 있는 地域域으로 巨大都市와 거의 비슷하게 여러 要因의 複合的 作用이 있었던 것으로判斷되었으며 특히 經濟的 要因이 都市成長에 대하여 중요한 影響을 준 것으로 分析되었다. 中規模都市들에 있어서도 敎育的 要因의 作用이 地域成長의 共通的 事實로 指摘될 수가 있다. 그러나 經濟的 要因의 作用에 관한 한 都市成長의 特性이 兩分되는 추세를 보인 바, i) 原州, 淸州, 麗水, 浦項 그리고 馬山 등에 있어서는 經濟的 要因이 都市成長의 의미있는 影響 變數로 作用하였으나, ii) 全州, 群山, 裡里, 木浦 등의 湖南圈 都市와 그리고 晋州, 濟州 등의 경우에는 經濟的 要因의 作用이 거의 나타나지 않았다. 네째로 小規模都市들은 다같이 低成長 都市 내지는 停滯都市로서 江陵市를 例外로 하면 都市成長에 있어서 經濟的 要因이 거의 發見되지 않았으며, 다만 敎育面의 作用이 중대한 影響力을 行事한 것으로 指摘될 수 있다. 아울러 몇몇 都市를 論外로 한다면 敎育的 機能이 모든 都市에서 地域成長의 중요한 影響變數로 作用한 것으로 볼 수 있었다. There was no concern with regional problems until the late 1920's and 1930's, and even then these interests rather peripheral to the question of regional growth. This early relevant work was on several lines: export base analysis mainly by urban planners; Ohlin's work on interregional trade theory(1933); the analysis of urban-regional relationships by Christaller(1933); and somewhat later by Losch(1943). However, all these themes are disconnected, and there was little direct analysis of regional growth until the late 1950's. Myrdal's 'cumulative causation' theory(1957) has had a pervasive influence on subsequent developments in regional growth theory. The most dramatic development was the paper by Borts(1960) and the later book by Borts and Stein(1964). The objective of this study is to assess some of the most popular regional growth theories. The theories to be examined are export base models, neoclassical models, and cumulative causation models. The export model is much too feeble as a theory of regional growth, but it has play an important role in the history of subject and frequently recurs as one component in even the most sophisticated models of today. In its simplest, export base theory states that regional growth rate is a function of regional export performance. The value of the theory is that it emphasizes the importance of the openness of regional economics and the role played by changing national (or extra-regional) demand patterns in regional growth. This advantage is more then offset by the neglect of autonomous investment and technical progress and insufficient attention to the part played in regional growth by capital accumulation and immigration. Moreover, export base theory has other objections. The neoclassical regional growth models simultaneously offered explanations of endogenous growth system and interregional factor flows within the ambit of a single model. They have led to the neglect of space, distance and location - factors that may be of critical importance in explaining regional growth. Also the background assumption s of neoclassical growth theory are inapplicable to the regional economy. The 'Cumulative causation' hypotheses urged so cogently by Myrdal(1957) have been the objective of inconclusive tests, with extreme variations in the results according to place, time, level of development and institutional environment. The theory has, in addition, suffered from being formulated in very loose terms and, especially by Myrdal himselt, in emotive language. However, Kaldor(1970) has recently proposed a variant of the cumulative causation model translatable into more formal economic terms and yields testable propositions. An advantage of this theory over neoclassical models is that it gives considerable stress to agglomeration economies in rich regions as a cause of divergence. Practical studies on the growth factors in the regional economy have been made on the basis of the United States. The theses on the subject are the ones of G.H. Borts(1960), H.W. Richardson(1974), D.M. Smith(1975), M. Ghali,(1978, 1981) and others. In Korea the practical studies on the same subject have been made, but they are partial and restrictive. The results of this studies on the growth factors of 32 cities (1970∼1985) are as follows: 1. The growth factors of the megalopolis-Seoul, Pusan, In-cheon, Tae-gu, were affected by the complex actions. Especially, economic and educational factors had great effects on the megalopolis. 2. In the case of the large scale cities-Tae-jeon, Kwang-ju, Ul-san, the common regional growth factors were educational. Above all, the economic, social, political and social overhead capital had an effect on Tae-jeon, the economic factors had a great effect on the industrial city Ul-san, and the economic factors had little effect on Kwang-ju but the actions of education, medical treatment, administration and service had the great effect on the growth of city. 3. The economic factors such as ones of the metropolis had a great effect on the middle scale city, Su-won, Euzeongbu, as the National Capital region, which was affected by Seoul. 4. In the middle scale cities, they have the education points of sameness. But in the case of Won-ju, Cheong-ju, Ryn-su, Pohang, and Masan, the economic factors were main ones, while in the case of Jeonju, Kunsan, Iri, Mokpo, Jinju and Jeju, the economic factors were never great ones. 5. In the small scale cities, which are all sluggish or retarded in their growth, the economic factors never had an effect on their growth except Kangneung. Only the educational factor had the important effect on their growth. 6. Except several cities, almost all the cities mere affected by the educational factors. According to the results mentioned above, the regional economic activation in the middle, small cities can be said an urgent problem. Generally speaking, revitalization of the regional economy requires three following conditions. Firstly, by establishing objective conditions, regional export, regional investment and regional consumption have to be increased and thereby the economic circulation must be actively made. For the purpose of achieving this, the raising of small-to-minimum enterprises proper to the regional characteristics is required absolutely, which is the central factor in the regional basic industries and connected industries with a region. Through gaining the enough social overhead capital for backward regions, limited the objects of enterprises selected to the region, and using the regional funds in the specific region, the commercial function of regions must be revitalized. Secondly, by establishing subjective conditions to emphasize active consciousness, to establish the active way of thinking, to organize the regional societies along with fostering the regional elites, the quality improvement of education and the rearing of local universities in the small-to medium-sized cities must be achieved. Thirdly, the establishment of systematic conditions is urgent. To attain this, downward developing plans must be avoided and the local autonomy system must be practiced early for people of a region to participate in the local activities voluntarily. To gain the local financial funds, the local funds must be used efficiently and the system of taxation has to be improved. In terms of reconstruction national land spatial system, the raising of small-to medium sized cities can be thought to required absolutely. Especially, the development of the cities near Western coast including Mokpo can be said to be the asking of today. The direct trade with China can be thought to be in near future and so the neglected Mokpo and Kunsan sofar can be expected to play a leading role in the Western Coast Period. Therefore, we will have to invest much in these regions to improve the regional development.

근막이완술과 전기침술이 어깨통증환자 상부승모근의 근막통증유발점에 미치는 영향의 연구

이동신 동방대학원대학교 2010 국내박사

본 연구에서는 자연치유의 치료효과를 과학적으로 증명하기 위해 정통의학의 치료법인 전기침술(electroacupuncture)과 자연치유법인 근막이완술(myofascial release)이 어깨 통증이 있는 환자의 상부승모근의 근막통증유발점에 미치는 변화를 연구하여 근막이완술의 효과를 검증하고 자연치유 방법으로서의 근막이완술의 치료적 가치와 중요성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구대상과 방법은 6개월 이상 어깨통증이 지속된 만성환자 63명을 선정하여, 근막이완술군 21명, 전기침술군 22명, 대조군 20명으로 나누어 살펴보았고, 치료는 주 2회씩 총 4주에 걸쳐 진행되었다. 치료효과를 비교하기 위하여 시각적통증척도, 압통측정, 경추 관절가동범위측정, 생혈액검사, 경부통증과 장애척도를 치료 전ㆍ후에 실시하였다. 연구결과를 보면, 근막이완술과 전기침술은 시각적 통증 척도로 검사하였을 때, 통증경감효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 치료 전 근막이완술군은 전기침술군보다 높은 통증수치를 가지고 있었지만, 4주 후에는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 압통의 역치는 근막이완술군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 상승하였고 전기침술군에서는 유의할만한 큰 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 경추 굴곡 및 신전각도는 근막이완술군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였고 전기침술군에서는 유의할 만한 큰 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 경추 좌ㆍ우측 회전각도와 경추 우측 측굴각도는 근막이완술군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였고 전기침술군에서는 유의할 만한 큰 변화는 관찰되지 않았지만, 경추 좌측 측굴 각도는 근막이완술군과 전기침술군에서 모두 유의하게 증가하였다. 적혈구 연전현상 변화의 점수는 근막이완술군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였고 전기침술군에서는 유의할 만한 큰 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 경부통증과 장애척도는 근막이완술군과 전기침술군 모두 유의하게 감소하였다. 이상의 결과를 통해 근막이완술은 상부 승모근의 통증경감, 압통역치 상승, 관절가동역 증가, 적혈구 연전현상 증가, 경부통증과 장애척도 감소에 모두 유의한 효과가 있었고, 통증완화와 기능개선 면에서 근막이완술이 전기침술에 비해서 효과가 더 크다는 점을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 자연치유요법인 근막이완술의 치료적 가치와 중요성이 실증적으로 검증되었다.

禮安 地域의 '宣城義兵 (1895 ~ 1896)' 硏究

이동신 安東大學校 敎育大學院 2003 국내석사

This study examined Uibyeong's defiance which developed in the region of Yean in 1896. The results of this study were summarized as following: First, the name of the first Uibyeong in the region of Yean was 'Seonseong Uijin(or 'Uibyeong') and 'Cheongryang Uijin'. Researchers have named Uibyeong of Yean as 'Yean Uibyeong' or 'Seonseong Uibyeong' until now. However, the name of this Uibyeong was identified as 'Seonseong Uibyeong' and 'Cheongryang Uibyeong' after examining the primary materials. Secondly, Seonseong Uijin secured the original domain of activities contrary to Andong Uijin. Seonseong Uijin has been included in the domain of the activity of Andong Uijin till the recent study. However, this study proved the separation of Seonseong Uijin from Andong Uijin. Thirdly, the period of activity of Seonseong Uijin was 8 months from January 25 in 1896 (lunar 12/11/1895) to the end of September of the same year. However, the activities of Seonseong Uijin were not continuous. The first Uijin was dissolved after 8 days of the organization and the second Uijin was organized on February 16, 1896(lunar 1/4/1896). The previous studies have insisted that Seonseong Uijin was organized in January, 1896 and dissolved on June 10 in 1896(lunar 4/29). However, this study identified that the activity of Seonseong Uijin had continued for 3 months after the known date of the dissolution. Fourthly, four generals led Seonseong Uijin. Ri Mando(the general of the first Uijin) led the first Uijin, Ri Junglin(the general of the second Uijin) the second Uijin, Ri Chanhwa(the general of the third Uijin) and Ri Inhwa.(the general of the fourth Uijin) Besides them, Kim Seokgyo and Kim Dohyun played a role of central commanders(Junggun). The leading figures such as the generals of Uibyeong mostly came from the family of Jinseong Ri and besides this, the families of Andong Gwon, Gwangsan Kim, Gyeongju Son, Hanyang Jo and Cheongsong Sim played a central role. Fifthly, the activities of Seonseong Uijin were divided into two periods. One is Taebong battle of the second Uijin and the other is the period of the activity around Cheongryang mountain after the period of the general of the third Uibyeong. The central figures of the former are Kim Seokgyo and Kim Dohyun(central commander) and with the Allied Forces of Andong they attacked the defence army of Japan which was staying at Taebong of Hamchang in Sangju. Especially, in this battle, the roles of Seonseong Uijin and invitation of Kim Dohyun of Youngyang deserve to be remembered. The latter is the period which Seonseong Uijin played an active role around Cheongryang mountain returning to Yean after the Taebong battle. Although Seonseong Uijin had trouble with the firing of the Pavilion called Cheongryangjeongsa in the process of it, defiances continued till the end of September. Seonseong Uijin developed in the region of Yean and they were formed by the initiative of the noble families of this region. This situations was general all over the country. Due to this, part of the head family of Toegye was destroyed by the attacks of Japanese and government armies. The Osandang of Cheongryang mountain and the head family of Sambaekdang in Onhye were destroyed tragically. Despite this, the spirit of Seonseong Uibyeong continues in Uibyeong during the middle and later period. The activities of Uibyeong developed around Cheongryang mountain in the region of Yean from 1906 to 1909 showed the succession of Seonseong Uibyeong.

축류 송풍기의 후면 허브 캡 주위 유동장 해석

이동신 충북대학교 2014 국내석사

Demand for high efficiency of industrial and ship HVAC fan has recently been on the rise. Industrial and HVAC fans are in general of axial flow type. These axial flow fans accelerates flow passing through the rotor by supplying rotational momentum. However, at the rear end of the motor alignment, the bluff end causes flow separation, which degrades the performance of the fan. In this study, computational analysis for identification of flow separation is performed, to remedy the problem and increase the efficiency, using the commercial program, Fluent which simulates 3D viscous flow based on the finite volume method, with the k-epsilon turbulence model. In addition, the computational analysis was verified by the results of the experiment. In spite of quantitative deficit between computation and experiment, the computational approach yields a reasonable assessment of performance. Flow visualization of flow field around the rear of the motor confirms separation, which is responsible for increase of resistance and lower efficiency. This study introduces rear hub caps of different sizes in order to remove separating flow regime. The computational results show that application of the longer rear hub cap can increase the efficiency of the fan.

슈베르트 연가곡 "아름다운 물방앗간의 아가씨"곡 분석과 성악적 표현 연구

이동신 계명대학교 대학원 2010 국내석사

슈베르트는 1828년 죽기까지 짧은 생애에 괴테의 시에 곡을 붙인 70여곡과 함께 600여곡이 넘는 많은 성악곡을 작곡하였다. 그가 이렇게 할 수 있었던 것은 그의 풍부한 선율과 대담한 화성의 변용에 있었다. 가곡을 통해 그의 성악 음악의 원숙미의 정점을 보게 되었다. 반음계적인 움직임과 임시표에 의 한 미묘한 음정의 변화로 인한 화성의 변화, 더 나아가서 가사의 내용을 중시하며 가사의 내용에 따라 자유로운 형식을 취하고 있으면서 낭만시대의 리트를 한 차원 높은 예술의 장르로 성숙시켰다. 또한 가곡은 슈베르트의 노력에 의해 예술로서 자리 잡았으며, 낭만주의 음악에서 중요한 위치를 차지하게 되었다. 슈베르트의 '아름다운 물방앗간의 아가씨'는 작품의 구조에 있어서 '발단, 전개, 절정, 결말'의 서사적 구조를 갖추고 있고, 각 장의 내용과 전개에 있어서도 충분한 연계성이 있다. 슈베르트는 연주자가 뮐러의 시적 내용을 그대로 전달해주기보다는 자신이 뮐러와 동일시되도록 내용의 극적 재구성, 시어의 확산, 물레방아 소리 등의 사실적 표현을 삽입하는 등의 음악적 전환을 시도하였다. 다시 말해 뮐러의 작품에 내포된 극적 요소들은 슈베르트의 음악적 기법으로 과감하게 표현되었다. 따라서 현대적 의미의 연가곡의 개념을 확립한 작품은 슈베르트의 ?아름다운 물방앗간의 아가씨?라고 할 수 있다. 아름다운 물방앗간의 아가씨의 전체 내용은 연가곡으로 청년의 방랑과 사랑에서 실연과 죽음에 이르기 까지 하나의 내용으로 이루어져 표현되어 있다. 소박한 아름다움 위에 온갖 가능한 다양성을 내포하여 인간성의 놀랄만한 깊이와 대자연의 아름다움을 풍부하게 보여주고 있다. 선율과 리듬은 반복되고 단순하구 쉬운 선율을 나타내고 있는데 이러한 선율은 민요적인 소박함을 나타낸다. 20곡 중에서 열 여섯곡은 유절형식이거나 변형된 유절형식이고 작곡자가 가사와 음악을 밀접히 연관시키려 한 제 2곡 '어디로'등 나머지 네 곡은 통작 형식으로 되어있다. 또한 선율은 무리하지 않는 도약을 사용하여 시의 언어적 운율감을 드러내기도 하며, 단어의 의미에 따라 묘사적으로 자연스럽게 표현되어 있다. 연가곡에서 뮐러의 시는 간혹 '비예술적인 시'라고 평하는 사람도 있지만 괴테의 질풍노도 양식에 영향을 받은 매우 훌륭한 시로서 특이한 시의 이미지에 대한 진정한 시인의 눈과 소리의 병치를 위한 귀를 가졌다. 연주자는 예술작품을 정확히 해석하며 한 차원 높은 예술을 표현한다는 점을 잊지 말고 연주에 임해야 한다. 본 논문은 아름다운 물방앗간의 배경과 분석을 통해 합리적인 연주론을 제공하고자 하였다. 19세기 낭만 예술가곡을 이해하고 연주하는데 도움이 되고 이후 더 많은 연구의 기초 작업이 되기를 기대한다. Schubert composed more than 600 lieder including 70 songs which were inspired by Goethe? poems before he ended his life in 1828. It is due to his talent in producing abundant melody and incomparable harmony change. By lieder he could reach the top of his song music. Using chromatic scales and temporary Cleves causing subtle changes of tone and focusing on the lyrics of the song whose form is not bounded and free by the contents, he upgraded lieder of Renaissance art period. So lieder got settled as a form of art by Shubert and had an important role in the Renaissance music. Die Scho'ne Mu'llerin by Franz Schubert consists of four parts: the beginning, development, climax, ending like narration and has good connections among each part. He tried some musical conversion- reconstruction of the substance, extension of poetic words and sound insertion of real things like water mill not to just deliver Miller?s work but to identify himself with Miller. In other words, the dramatic factors of Miller?s was expressed by Schbert?s musical skills. So Die Sch?ne M?llerin is the song which established the modern concept of leider. The story of Die Sch?ne M?llerin is about one man who wanders, loves, has broken heart and dies. Shubert wants to show the wonderful insight of the man and the beauty of the Mother Nature plentifully through naivety and all kinds of varieties. The melody and rhythm are repetitive and simple and it seems like a folk song. The sixteen songs of the twenty songs are articulate form or modified articulate form and the second ?Where? whose composer, lyrics and music are related to each other which consist of durchkompon form. In addition, melody uses the natural leap to reveal the poem?s rhythm and is expressed by the meaning of the word descriptively. The Miller?s poem in the song is sometimes criticized as the inartistic poem but I think it is a great poem influenced by Goethe?s storm and stress form. Especially he has the real poet?s eyes about the images and ears for juxtaposition of sound. Players have to play with the understanding of the song fully so they don?t forget to express the higher art. This thesis is to provide the reasonable performance theory by analyzing Die schone Mullerin and to give some information about the background. So I want to contribute to understand and play the romantic leider of 19th century and expect it can be the foundation work for more study.

(The) Effective Advertising Elements Influencing Consumer Culture Positioning : a content analysis of Chinese women magazine advertising

이동신 세종대학교 대학원 2008 국내석사

In recent years, a wealth of literature has increased our understanding of cross-cultural differences in advertising content (Abernethy and Franke 1996) with the emergence of brand positioning strategies in advertising that parallel the growth of the global marketplace. The three brand-positioning strategies, local consumer culture positioning (LCCP), foreign consumer culture positioning (FCCP) and global consumer culture positioning (GCCP) are used to classify the magazine advertisements. To analyze these advertisements, one may identify eight elements: 1. The Language used directly on the product. 2. The Language used for brand name. 3. The Pronunciation of brand name. 4. The Intended Meaning or Understanding of a brand name 5. The Product's appearance in the ads 6. Advertising appeals 7. The Physical appearance of spokespersons. 8. The celebrity status of the spokesperson. In respect to these eight elements, a total of 480 advertisements from the top three famous Chinese magazines - Rayli, Fashion Cosmo and Bazaar -were content analyzed. By content analyses, this inquiry is an examination of the context and content of ads that have appeared in the Chinese versions of global women's magazines. Finally, findings suggest that the Chinese print ads are more likely to use English or a mixture of Chinese with another foreign language, thought more often English is used, on a product and as a choice for a particular brand name. Many marketers use a translated brand name, followed by its original foreign name, in order to make a product seem local in China. Also, the name is usually translated according to its pronunciation rather than its meaning. In this way, the advertiser may guide the audience on how to pronounce the original name, as well as promote global consistency in its marketing strategy. As for the advertising appeals, appeals to traditional Chinese culture are more used than to modern ideals or values. The nationality of the spokesperson that appears in an ad can affect the identification of its consumer cultural position. But the spokesperson's notoriety has little effect in it. The results of this paper should prove helpful in providing international marketers with a strategic direction in the multinational marketplace. 최근에 광고에서 재현되는 문화적 차이에 관한 연구가 수많은 문헌에서 제시되었다(Abernethy and Franke 1996). 광고에서 재현하는 브랜드 포지셔닝 전략은 글로벌 마케팅 시장과 같이 성장하고 있다. 브랜드 포지셔닝 전략은 로컬 소비문화 포지셔닝(local consumer culture positioning, LCCP), 외국 소비문화 포지셔닝(foreign consumer culture positioning, FCCP) 및 글로벌 소비문화 포지셔닝(global consumer culture positioning, GCCP)로 구분하며 이 세가지전략으로 잡지 광고를 분류한다. 이런 광고들을 분석하기 위하여 아래와 같이 8가지 요소가 포함된다. 1. 제품에 사용되는 언어 2. 브랜드 이름에 사용되는 언어 3. 브랜드 이름의 발음 4. 브랜드 이름의 의미 혹은 해석 5. 광고에서의 제품 외관 6. 광고 소구 유형 7. 광고모델의 외모 8. 광고모델의 지명도 Raylii, Fashion Cosmo, Bazaar등 중국의 유명한 잡지에서 위의 8가지 요소와 관련시켜 480개 광고를 선택하였다. 본 설문조사는 국제 여성 잡지의 중국 번역본에서 광고를 선택하여 광고의 문화 및 내용에 대해서 독자들에게 조사를 실시하였다 마케터들은 중국 제품처럼 보이기 위하여 외국 브랜드 이름의 원어를 따르면서 번역된 이름을 많이 사용한다. 브랜드 이름은 브랜드 의미보다 발음에 따라 많이 번역한다. 이런 방식은 광고주가 청취자에게 그 브랜드 이름의 원어 발음을 유도하고 또한 글로벌 마케팅 전략의 일치 성을 촉진하기 위해서이다. 광고 매력을 높이려면 서구의 현대적 가치보다는 중국 전통 문화를 많이 고려해야 한다. 광고에서 중국 본국의 모델을 사용함에 있어서 제품이 중국시장에서의 소비문화 포지션에 영향을 줄 수 있으며 이는 어느 정도로 모델 명성의 영향을 받는다. 본 논문은 국제 마케터들에게 다국적 시장의 국제 전략적 방향에 시사점을 제시하였다.

위기상담자로서 교역자의 역할에 관한 연구 : 죽음의 위기를 중심으로

이동신 장로회신학대학교 목회전문대학원 2004 국내석사